目的:本文侧重于开发鲁棒和准确的加工解决方案,用于连续和较低的血压(BP)监测。在这方面,提出了一种基于深入的基于深度学习的框架,用于计算收缩和舒张BP上的低延迟,连续和无校准的上限和下界。方法:称为BP-Net,所提出的框架是一种新型卷积架构,可提供更长的有效内存,同时实现偶然拨号卷积和残留连接的卓越性能。利用深度学习的实际潜力在提取内在特征(深度特征)并增强长期稳健性,BP-Net使用原始的心电图(ECG)和光电觉体图(PPG)信号而无需提取任何形式的手工制作功能在现有解决方案中很常见。结果:通过利用最近文献中使用的数据集未统一和正确定义的事实,基准数据集由来自PhysoioNet获得的模拟I和MIMIC-III数据库构建。所提出的BP-Net是基于该基准数据集进行评估,展示了有希望的性能并显示出优异的普遍能力。结论:提出的BP-NET架构比规范复发网络更准确,增强了BP估计任务的长期鲁棒性。意义:建议的BP-NET架构解决了现有的BP估计解决方案的关键缺点,即,严重依赖于提取手工制作的特征,例如脉冲到达时间(PAT),以及;缺乏稳健性。最后,构造的BP-Net DataSet提供了一个统一的基础,用于评估和比较基于深度学习的BP估计算法。
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With Twitter's growth and popularity, a huge number of views are shared by users on various topics, making this platform a valuable information source on various political, social, and economic issues. This paper investigates English tweets on the Russia-Ukraine war to analyze trends reflecting users' opinions and sentiments regarding the conflict. The tweets' positive and negative sentiments are analyzed using a BERT-based model, and the time series associated with the frequency of positive and negative tweets for various countries is calculated. Then, we propose a method based on the neighborhood average for modeling and clustering the time series of countries. The clustering results provide valuable insight into public opinion regarding this conflict. Among other things, we can mention the similar thoughts of users from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and most Western European countries versus the shared views of Eastern European, Scandinavian, Asian, and South American nations toward the conflict.
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Recently, many attempts have been made to construct a transformer base U-shaped architecture, and new methods have been proposed that outperformed CNN-based rivals. However, serious problems such as blockiness and cropped edges in predicted masks remain because of transformers' patch partitioning operations. In this work, we propose a new U-shaped architecture for medical image segmentation with the help of the newly introduced focal modulation mechanism. The proposed architecture has asymmetric depths for the encoder and decoder. Due to the ability of the focal module to aggregate local and global features, our model could simultaneously benefit the wide receptive field of transformers and local viewing of CNNs. This helps the proposed method balance the local and global feature usage to outperform one of the most powerful transformer-based U-shaped models called Swin-UNet. We achieved a 1.68% higher DICE score and a 0.89 better HD metric on the Synapse dataset. Also, with extremely limited data, we had a 4.25% higher DICE score on the NeoPolyp dataset. Our implementations are available at: https://github.com/givkashi/Focal-UNet
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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused drastic alternations in human life in all aspects. The government's laws in this regard affected the lifestyle of all people. Due to this fact studying the sentiment of individuals is essential to be aware of the future impacts of the coming pandemics. To contribute to this aim, we proposed an NLP (Natural Language Processing) model to analyze open-text answers in a survey in Persian and detect positive and negative feelings of the people in Iran. In this study, a distilBert transformer model was applied to take on this task. We deployed three approaches to perform the comparison, and our best model could gain accuracy: 0.824, Precision: 0.824, Recall: 0.798, and F1 score: 0.804.
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The recent breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have enabled many new capabilities across plenty of application domains. While most existing machine learning models require large memory and computing power, efforts have been made to deploy some models on resource-constrained devices as well. There are several systems that perform inference on the device, while direct training on the device still remains a challenge. On-device training, however, is attracting more and more interest because: (1) it enables training models on local data without needing to share data over the cloud, thus enabling privacy preserving computation by design; (2) models can be refined on devices to provide personalized services and cope with model drift in order to adapt to the changes of the real-world environment; and (3) it enables the deployment of models in remote, hardly accessible locations or places without stable internet connectivity. We summarize and analyze the-state-of-art systems research to provide the first survey of on-device training from a systems perspective.
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Covid-19是一种攻击上呼吸道和肺部的新型病毒。它的人对人的传播性非常迅速,这在个人生活的各个方面都引起了严重的问题。尽管一些感染的人可能仍然完全无症状,但经常被目睹有轻度至重度症状。除此之外,全球成千上万的死亡案件表明,检测Covid-19是社区的紧急需求。实际上,这是在筛选医学图像(例如计算机断层扫描(CT)和X射线图像)的帮助下进行的。但是,繁琐的临床程序和大量的每日病例对医生构成了巨大挑战。基于深度学习的方法在广泛的医疗任务中表现出了巨大的潜力。结果,我们引入了一种基于变压器的方法,用于使用紧凑卷积变压器(CCT)自动从X射线图像中自动检测COVID-19。我们的广泛实验证明了该方法的疗效,精度为98%,比以前的作品表现优于先前的作品。
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不平衡的数据(ID)是阻止机器学习(ML)模型以实现令人满意的结果的问题。 ID是一种情况,即属于一个类别的样本的数量超过另一个类别的情况,这使此类模型学习过程偏向多数类。近年来,为了解决这个问题,已经提出了几种解决方案,该解决方案选择合成为少数族裔类生成新数据,或者减少平衡数据的多数类的数量。因此,在本文中,我们研究了基于深神经网络(DNN)和卷积神经网络(CNN)的方法的有效性,并与各种众所周知的不平衡数据解决方案混合,这意味着过采样和降采样。为了评估我们的方法,我们使用了龙骨,乳腺癌和Z-Alizadeh Sani数据集。为了获得可靠的结果,我们通过随机洗牌的数据分布进行了100次实验。分类结果表明,混合的合成少数族裔过采样技术(SMOTE) - 正态化-CNN优于在24个不平衡数据集上达到99.08%精度的不同方法。因此,提出的混合模型可以应用于其他实际数据集上的不平衡算法分类问题。
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需要下一代无线网络以同时满足各种服务和标准。为了解决即将到来的严格条件,开发了具有柔性设计,分解虚拟和可编程组件以及智能闭环控制等特征的新型开放式访问网络(O-RAN)。面对不断变化的情况,O-Ran切片被研究为确保网络服务质量(QoS)的关键策略。但是,必须动态控制不同的网络切片,以避免由环境快速变化引起的服务水平一致性(SLA)变化。因此,本文介绍了一个新颖的框架,能够通过智能提供的提供资源来管理网络切片。由于不同的异质环境,智能机器学习方法需要足够的探索来处理无线网络中最严厉的情况并加速收敛。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种新解决方案,基于基于进化的深度强化学习(EDRL),以加速和优化无线电访问网络(RAN)智能控制器(RIC)模块中的切片管理学习过程。为此,O-RAN切片被表示为Markov决策过程(MDP),然后最佳地解决了资源分配,以使用EDRL方法满足服务需求。在达到服务需求方面,仿真结果表明,所提出的方法的表现优于DRL基线62.2%。
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翻译质量估计(QE)是预测机器翻译(MT)输出质量的任务,而无需任何参考。作为MT实际应用中的重要组成部分,这项任务已越来越受到关注。在本文中,我们首先提出了XLMRScore,这是一种基于使用XLM-Roberta(XLMR)模型计算的BertScore的简单无监督的QE方法,同时讨论了使用此方法发生的问题。接下来,我们建议两种减轻问题的方法:用未知令牌和预训练模型的跨语性对准替换未翻译的单词,以表示彼此之间的一致性单词。我们在WMT21 QE共享任务的四个低资源语言对上评估了所提出的方法,以及本文介绍的新的英语FARSI测试数据集。实验表明,我们的方法可以在两个零射击方案的监督基线中获得可比的结果,即皮尔森相关性的差异少于0.01,同时在所有低资源语言对中的平均低资源语言对中的无人看管竞争对手的平均水平超过8%的平均水平超过8%。 。
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流程挖掘提供了各种算法来根据事件数据分析过程执行。过程发现是过程挖掘技术的最突出类别,旨在从事件日志中发现过程模型,但是,在使用现实生活数据时会导致意大利面模型。因此,已经在传统事件日志(即带有单个情况概念的事件日志)上提出了几种聚类技术,以降低过程模型的复杂性并发现案例的均匀子集。然而,在现实生活中,尤其是在企业对企业(B2B)过程的背景下,流程中涉及多个对象。最近,已经引入了以对象为中心的事件日志(OCEL)来捕获此类过程的信息,并在OCEL的顶部开发了几种过程发现技术。然而,提出的关于真实OCEL的发现技术的输出导致更具信息性但更复杂的模型。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于聚类的方法,用于群集在OCEL中类似对象,以简化所获得的过程模型。使用对实际B2B过程的案例研究,我们证明我们的方法降低了过程模型的复杂性,并生成了对象的相干子集,这些子集有助于最终用户获得对流程的见解。
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